An expert panel produced these recommendations based on a linked systematic review.1 The review was triggered by a large scale, cluster randomised trial on PSA screening in men without a previous diagnosis of prostate cancer published in 2018 (box 1).2 It found no difference between one-time PSA screening and standard practice in prostate cancer
A blood test that measures a protein produced by the cells of the prostate gland, called prostate-specific antigen (PSA), also can be used to screen men for evidence of prostate cancer. An elevated PSA can be caused by cancer, but inflammation of the gland or age-related enlargement of the gland can cause increased PSA in the absence of cancer.
The PSA test can detect high levels of PSA that may indicate the presence of prostate cancer. However, many other conditions, such as an enlarged or inflamed prostate, also can increase PSA levels. Therefore, determining what a high PSA score means can be complicated.
In fact, studies have shown that about 70% to 80% of men with an elevated PSA who have a biopsy do not have cancer. However, many men undergo an ultrasound and prostate biopsy, to be certain. Conversely, the PSA test doesn't detect all cancers. About 20% of men who have cancer also have a normal PSA (less than 4 ng/ml), so the test may give
Result LOINC Value. Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure. PSAU. PSA, Ultrasensitive, S. 35741-8. Monitoring disease after radical prostatectomy This test should not be used for initial prostate Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy affecting men worldwide and a major public health issue in developed countries [].Approximately, 30-50% of patients who underwent radiotherapy (RT) [] or 20-40% of patients initially treated with radical prostatectomy [] may subsequently experience an increase in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, known as biochemical recurrence (BCR Modern PSA blood tests can detect even tiny amounts of PSA, but these amounts might not always be significant, especially if they are not rising over time. When treatments such as hormone therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy are used for more advanced prostate cancer, the PSA level can help show how well the treatment is working or when
Men who proceed with screening may be given a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test (which can indicate an abnormal cell count in the prostate gland) and/or a digital rectal exam. The
One was the potential for detecting early-stage prostate cancer with these screening tests, because 83.4% of total cancers detected were localized. The second important outcome was that the overall sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for PSA were higher than those for DRE when used as a screening tool to detect prostate cancer. .
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    • sensitivity of psa test for prostate cancer